
Height
2.5-3meter
0.1girth
Hopea Odorata Roxb.
Family Name: | Dipterocarpaceae |
Common Name: | Chengal Pasir, Merawan Siput Jantan, Chengal Kampong, Cengal Pasir, Cengal Pulau, Telshur, Takhian-yai, Ironwood |
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form | A medium-sized to large evergreen tree with a conical-shaped crown. It usually reaches a height of 25-30 m, but sometimes attains 40 m. The girth can be up to 4.5 m. |
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Trunk | Trunk is straight with short buttresses. The thick, slightly to deeply fissured outer bark is dark brownish-grey, and the inner bark is dull yellow. |
Foliage | Alternate leaves are oblong to ovate-lanceolate with entire leaf margin, measuring about 7 - 14 by 3 - 7 cm, both surfaces glabrous, petiole measuring about 1.5 - 2 cm long. Prominent axillary domatia at the lower abaxial of leaf. |
Flowers | Small, yellowish-white flowers are fragrant, bisexual and located in leaf axils or branch tips. They are radially symmetrical with triangular petals that have long ruffled tips. |
Fruit | The small, brown fruit is a winged nut. The single-seeded nut is approximately egg-shaped with a pointed tip and may be covered in a shiny resin, measuring about 6 by 5 mm. It has 2 long wings (5.5 cm long) and 3 short wings which promote seed dispersal by wind. |
Habitat | Found on deep rich soils in lowland tropical forests and evergreen forests at altitudes of up to 600 m. Usually located near streams and rivers. |
Cultivation | It grows best in fertile, well-drained soil that is kept moist. Mulch the trees to conserve soil moisture. It is susceptible to attack by leaf chewers, stem borers and a seed-feeding weevil (Nanophyes). |
Etymology | Genus name Hopea is named after Dr John Hope (1725 - 1786), who is a Scottish botanist of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden. |
Ethnobotanical Uses | Cultural / Religious: Heritage Tree: There is currently 1 individual of Hopea odorata listed as Heritage Tree in Singapore. This tree can be found in Singapore Botanic Gardens. To find out more about this tree, please visit the Heritage Tree Register. |